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Richard C. Boucher, MD - Director

Director, Marsico Lung Institute/黑料网 Cystic Fibrosis Center James C. Moeser Eminent Distinguished Professor of Medicine Co-Director, 黑料网 Gene Therapy Center

Specialty Areas:

Normal Physiology of Airway Surface Liquids (ASL); ASL System Failure in CF and COPD

Research Focus:

Dr. Boucher’s lab has focused on the normal physiology of airway surface liquids (ASL) and how this system fails in airways diseases, e.g., cystic fibrosis and COPD. The lab pursues a variety of investigations into the functions of airway epithelia in health and disease. In general terms, the lab focuses on five interrelated areas of research:

  1. Airway Surface Liquid (ASL) physiology in health and how it fails in major airways diseases, e.g. the “dehydration hypothesis as relates to CF” (Figure 1).
  2. Airway epithelial Na+ transport, including studies of normal regulation of airway epithelial Na+ transport, and role of Na+ transport in airways disease, including mouse models over-expressing subunits of the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) (Figures 2, 3).
  3. Extracellular nucleotides and their role in airways homeostasis, including the role of P2 receptors in airway epithelial function, extracellular nucleotidases; and measuring the rates of metabolism of nucleotides and nucleotide release from cells.
  4. Gene therapy for CF lung disease, particularly focusing on investigations of barriers to gene transfer, and improved vector targeting.
  5. Clinical studies: a current area of interest focuses on Na+ channel blockers and hypertonic saline (Figures 4-6).
Cartoon showing the progression of CF airways disease
Fig 1. CF Airways Disease: The 鈥淒ehydration鈥� Hypothesis. Annual Review of Medicine, 2007.
Figure with cartoons, bar graphs, and a microscopy photo collectively depicting the 尾ENaC mouse model
Fig 2. The 尾ENaC Mouse Model: A Phenocopy of CF Lung Disease. Nature Medicine, 2007.
Figure using microscopy photos and a graph to depict survival curves and causes of death of Scnn1b (尾ENaC) mice
Fig 3. Survival Curves and Causes of Death of Scnn1b (尾ENaC) Mice. Nature Medicine, 2004.
Cartoon and bar graphs demonstrating how CF produces structural and basal mucus clearance lung defects
Fig 4. CF Produces Heterogeneous Structural and 鈥楤asal鈥� Mucus Clearance Lung Defects. NEJM, 2006.
Cartoon depicting therapeutic strategies to rehydrate CF airway surfaces
Fig 5. Therapeutic Strategies to Rehydrate CF Airway Surfaces. Curr Opin Pharm, 2010.
Data presented as a graph with airway surface liquid height on the Y-axis and time (in minutes) on the X-axis
Fig 6. Airway Surface Liquid Height in Human Bronchial Epithelial Culture Response to Aerosolized Hypertonic Saline +/- Long-Acting Na+ Channel Blocker.

Selected Bibliography:

  1. Sims AC, Sch盲fer A, Okuda K, Leist SR, Kocher JF, Cockrell AS, Hawkins PE, Furusho M, Jensen KL, Kyle JE, Burnum-Johnson KE, Stratton KG, Lamar NC, Niccora CD, Weitz KK, Smith RD, Metz TO, Waters KM, Boucher RC, Montgomery SA, Baric RS, Sheahan TP. . mSphere. 2025 Feb 25;10(2):e0095124. doi: 10.1128/msphere.00951-24. PMID: 39882872. PMCID: PMC11853001.
  2. Mwase C, Schworer SA, Gilmore RC, Khan F, Dy ABC, Haber AL, Boucher RC Jr, Randell SH, Mackman N, Park JA. . Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2025 Jan 7. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2024-0130OC. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39773168.
  3. Curtis JL, Bateman LA, Murray S, Couper DJ, Labaki WW, Freeman CM, Arnold KB, Christenson SA, Alexis NE, Kesimer M, Boucher RC, Kaner RJ, Barjaktarevic I, Cooper CB, Hoffman EA, Barr RG, Bleecker ER, Bowler RP, Comellas A, Dransfield MT, Freedman MB, Hansel NN, Krishnan JA, Marchetti N, Meyers DA, Ohar J, O’Neal WK, Ortega VE, Paine Iii R, Peters SP, Smith BM, Wedzicha JA, Wells JM, Woodruff PG, Han MK, Martinez FJ. . Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis. 2024 Sep 27;11(5):444-459. doi: 10.15326/jcopdf.2023.0490. PMID: 39159077. PMCID: PMC11548966.
  4. Clark J, Blake A, Vasher S, Boucher RC, Jones AR, Choi HJ, Albright BB. . Gynecol Oncol Rep. 2024 Aug 22;55:101486. doi: 10.1016/j.gore.2024.101486. PMID: 39281842; PMCID: PMC11399687.
  5. Opron K, Begley LA, Erb-Downward JR, Li G, Alexis NE, Barjaktarevic I, Barr RG, Bleecker ER, Boucher R, Bowler RP, Christenson SA, Comellas AP, Criner G, Cooper CB, Couper D, Galban CJ, Han MK, Hastie A, Hatt C, Hoffman EA, Kaner RJ, Kesimer M, Krishnan JA, LaFon DC, Martinez FJ, Ortega VE, Peters SP, Paine Iii R, Putcha N, Woodruff PG, Huffnagle GB, Kozik AJ, Curtis JL, Huang YJ; SPIROMICS Investigators. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2024 Jul 15;210(2):186-200. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202303-0489OC. PMID: 38261629. PMCID: PMC11273318.
  6. Meganck RM, Edwards CE, Mallory ML, Lee RE, Dang H, Bailey AB, Wykoff JA, Gallant SC, Zhu DR, Yount BL, Kato T, Shaffer KM, Nakano S, Cawley AM, Sontake V, Wang JR, Hagan RS, Miller MB, Tata PR, Randell SH, Tse LV, Ehre C, Okuda K, Boucher RC, Baric RS. . Cell Rep. 2024 Apr 23;43(4):114076. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114076. PMID: 38607917. PMCID: PMC11165423.
  7. Einarsson GG, Sherrard LJ, Hatch JE, Zorn B, Johnston E, McGettigan C, O’Neill K, Gilpin DF, Downey DG, Murray M, Lavelle G, McElvaney G, Wolfgang MC, Boucher R, Muhlebach MS, Bradbury I, Elborn JS, Tunney MM. . J Cyst Fibros. 2024 Mar;23(2):252-261. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.11.010. PMID: 38158284.
  8. Asakura T, Okuda K, Chen G, Dang H, Kato T, Mikami Y, Schworer SA, Gilmore RC, Radicioni G, Hawkins P, Barbosa Cardenas SM, Saito M, Cawley AM, De la Cruz G, Chua M, Alexis NE, Masugi Y, Noone PG, Ribeiro CMP, Kesimer M, Olivier KN, Hasegawa N, Randell SH, O’Neal WK, Boucher RC. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2024 Feb 15;209(4):374-389. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202306-1093OC. PMID: 38016030. PMCID: PMC10878387.
  9. Nakakubo S*, Kishida N*, Okuda K*, Kamada K, Iwama M, Suzuki M, Yokota I, Ito YM, Nasuhara Y, Boucher RC, Konno S. . Lancet Infect Dis. 2023 Nov;23(11):1244-1256. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00271-2. PMID: 37399831. PMCID: PMC10615696. *These authors equally contributed to the work.
  10. Wang S, Niroula S, Hoffman A, Khorrami M, Khorrami M, Yuan F, Gasser GN, Choi S, Liu B, Li J, Metersky ML, Vincent M, Crum CP, Boucher RC, Karmouty-Quintana H, Huang HJ, Sheshadri A, Dickey BF, Parekh KR, Engelhardt JF, McKeon FD, Xian W. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2023 Nov 1;208(9):930-943. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202305-0818OC. PMID: 37695863. PMCID: PMC10870857.
  11. Leach T, Gandhi U, Reeves KD, Stumpf K, Okuda K, Marini FC, Walker SJ, Boucher R, Chan J, Cox LA, Atala A, Murphy SV. . Sci Rep. 2023 Jun 22;13(1):10137. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-36863-1. PMID: 37349353; PMCID: PMC10287689.
  12. Mikami Y, Grubb BR, Rogers TD, Dang H, Asakura T, Kota P, Gilmore RC, Okuda K, Morton LC, Sun L, Chen G, Wykoff JA, Ehre C, Vilar J, van Heusden C, Livraghi-Butrico A, Gentzsch M, Button B, Stutts MJ, Randell SH, O’Neal WK, Boucher RC. . Sci Transl Med. 2023 Jun 7;15(699):eabo7728. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo7728. PMID: 37285404. PMCID: PMC10664029.
  13. DiLillo KM, Norman KC, Freeman CM, Christenson SA, Alexis NE, Anderson WH, Barjaktarevic IZ, Barr RG, Comellas AP, Bleecker ER, Boucher RC, Couper DJ, Criner GJ, Doerschuk CM, Wells JM, Han MK, Hoffman EA, Hansel NN, Hastie AT, Kaner RJ, Krishnan JA, Labaki WW, Martinez FJ, Meyers DA, O’Neal WK, Ortega VE, Paine R 3rd, Peters SP, Woodruff PG, Cooper CB, Bowler RP, Curtis JL, Arnold KB; SPIROMICS investigators. . Sci Rep. 2023 May 22;13(1):8228. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-32216-0. PMID: 37217548; PMCID: PMC10203309.
  14. Pearson J, Wessler T, Chen A, Boucher RC, Freeman R, Lai SK, Pickles R, Gregory Forest M. . J Theor Biol. 2023 May 21;565:111470. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2023.111470. PMID: 36965846; PMCID: PMC10033495.
  15. Barnett KC, Xie Y, Asakura T, Song D, Liang K, Taft-Benz SA, Guo H, Yang S, Okuda K, Gilmore RC, Loome JF, Oguin III TH, Sempowski GD, Randell SH, Heise MT, Leo Lei Y鈥�,听Boucher RC鈥�, Ting JPY鈥�.听. Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Feb 8;31(2):243-259.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.12.005. PMID: 36563691. PMCID: PMC9731922.听鈥�These authors equally supervised this work.
  16. Esther CR Jr, O’Neal WK, Alexis NE, Koch AL, Cooper CB, Barjaktarevic I, Raffield LM, Bowler RP, Comellas AP, Peters SP, Hastie AT, Curtis JL, Ronish B, Ortega VE, Wells JM, Halper-Stromberg E, Rennard SI, Boucher RC. . Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2023 Jan 1;324(1):L32-L37. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00038.2022. PMID: 36342131. PMCID: PMC9829458.
  17. Kato T, Asakura T, Edwards CE, Dang H, Mikami Y, Okuda K, Chen G, Sun L, Gilmore RC, Hawkins P, De la Cruz G, Cooley MR, Bailey AB, Hewitt SM, Chertow DS, Borczuk AC, Salvatore S, Martinez FJ, Thorne LB, Askin FB, Ehre C, Randell SH, O’Neal WK, Baric RS, Boucher RC; NIH COVID-19 Autopsy Consortium. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2022 Dec 1;206(11):1336-1352. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202111-2606OC. PMID: 35816430. PMCID: PMC9746856.
  18. Hsu AP, Korzeniowska A, Aguilar CC, Gu J, Karlins E, Oler AJ, Chen G, Reynoso GV, Davis J, Chaput A, Peng T, Sun L, Lack JB, Bays DJ, Stewart ER, Waldman SE, Powell DA, Donovan FM, Desai JV, Pouladi N, Long Priel DA, Yamanaka D, Rosenzweig SD, Niemela JE, Stoddard J, Freeman AF, Zerbe CS, Kuhns DB, Lussier YA, Olivier KN, Boucher RC, Hickman HD, Frelinger J, Fierer J, Shubitz LF, Leto TL, Thompson III GR, Galgiani JN, Lionakis MS, Holland SM. . JCI Insight. 2022 Nov 22;7(22):e159491. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.159491. PMID: 36166305. PMCID: PMC9746810.
  19. Markovetz MR, Garbarine IC, Morrison CB, Kissner WJ, Seim I, Forest MG, Papanikolas MJ, Freeman R, Ceppe A, Ghio A, Alexis NE, Stick SM, Ehre C, Boucher RC, Esther CR, Muhlebach MS, Hill DB. . J Cyst Fibros. 2022 Nov;21(6):959-966. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2022.04.008. PMID: 35437233.
  20. Caetano AJ; Human Cell Atlas Oral and Craniofacial Bionetwork: Sharpe P, Volponi AA, Yianni V, Bush M, McKay LK, Wallet S, Shazib MA, Kimple A, Easter Q, Weaver T, Sequeira I, Kumar R, Pereira D, Macken J, Fortune F, Efremova M, Teichmann S, Kretzschmar K, Todres E, Boffelli D, Hagood JS, Klein O, Boucher R, Lwin S, Pranzatelli T, Beachy P, Lu WJ, Miller Zmora I, Moutsopoulos N, Williams DW, Pringle S, Krivanek J, Warner BM, Perez P, Opasawatchai A, Matuck B, Freire M, Tata PR, Conde CD, Haniffa M, Pisco AO, Momen-Heravi F, Kapila Y, Gulati A; Sequeira I, Byrd KM. . J Dent Res. 2022 Oct;101(11):1274-1288. doi: 10.1177/00220345221110768. PMID: 36154725. PMCID: PMC9516614.
  21. Hill DB, Button B, Rubinstein M, Boucher RC. . Physiol Rev. 2022 Oct 1;102(4):1757-1836. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00004.2021. PMID: 35001665. PMCID: PMC9665957.
  22. Dinnon KH搂, Leist SR搂, Okuda K搂, Dang H搂, Fritch EJ搂, Gully KL, De la Cruz G, Evangelista MD, Asakura T, Gilmore RC, Hawkins P, Nakano S, West A, Sch盲fer A, Gralinski LE, Everman JL, Sajuthi SP, Zweigart MR, Dong S, McBride J, Cooley MR, Hines JB, Love MK, Groshong SD, VanSchoiack A, Phelan SJ, Liang Y, Hether T, Leon M, Zumwalt RE, Barton LM, Duval EJ, Mukhopadhyay S, Stroberg E, Borczuk A, Thorne LB, Sakthivel MK, Lee YZ, Hagood JS, Mock JR, Seibold MA, O’Neal WK, Montgomery SA, Boucher RC*, Baric RS*. . Sci Transl Med. 2022 Sep 28;14(664):eabo5070. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo5070. PMID: 35857635. PMCID: PMC9273046. 搂These authors contributed equally. *Joint senior authorship.
  23. Esther CR Jr, Kimura KS, Mikami Y, Edwards CE, Das SR, Freeman MH, Strickland BA, Brown HM, Wessinger BC, Gupta VC, Von Wahlde K, Sheng Q, Huang LC, Bacon DR, Kimple AJ, Ceppe AS, Kato T, Pickles RJ, Randell SH, Baric RS, Turner JH*, Boucher RC*. . Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2022 Sep;12(9):1137-1147. doi: 10.1002/alr.22975. PMID: 35040594. PMCID: PMC9011886. *Joint senior authorship.
  24. Sch盲fer A, Leist SR, Gralinski LE, Martinez DR, Winkler ES, Okuda K, Hawkins PE, Gully KL, Graham RL, Scobey DT, Bell TA, Hock P, Shaw GD, Loome JF, Madden EA, Anderson E, Baxter VK, Taft-Benz SA, Zweigart MR, May SR, Dong S, Clark M, Miller DR, Lynch RM, Heise MT, Tisch R, Boucher RC, Pardo Manuel de Villena F, Montgomery SA, Diamond MS, Ferris MT, Baric RS. . mBio. 2022 Aug 30;13(4):e0145422. doi: 10.1128/mbio.01454-22. PMID: 35862771. PMCID: PMC9426612.
  25. Batson B, Zorn B, Radicioni G, Livengood S, Kumagai T, Dang H, Ceppe A, Clapp P, Tunney M, Elborn S, McElvaney G, Muhlebach M, Boucher RC, Tiemeyer M, Wolfgang M, Kesimer M. . Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2022 Aug;67(2):253-265. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0359OC. PMID: 35486871. PMCID: PMC9348562.
  26. Biering SB, Sarnik SA, Wang E, Zengel JR, Leist SR, Sch盲fer A, Sathyan V, Hawkins P, Okuda K, Tau C, Jangid AR, Duffy CV, Wei J, Gilmore RC, Alfajaro MM, Strine MS, Nguyenla X, Van Dis E, Catamura C, Yamashiro LH, Belk JA, Begeman A, Stark JC, Shon DJ, Fox DM, Ezzatpour S, Huang E, Olegario N, Rustagi A, Volmer AS, Livraghi-Butrico A, Wehri E, Behringer RR, Cheon DJ, Schaletzky J, Aguilar HC, Puschnik AS, Button B, Pinsky BA, Blish CA, Baric RS, O’Neal WK, Bertozzi CR, Wilen CB, Boucher RC, Carette JE, Stanley SA, Harris E, Konermann S, Hsu PD. . Nat Genet. 2022 Aug;54(8):1078-1089. doi: 10.1038/s41588-022-01131-x. PMID: 35879412. PMCID: PMC9355872.
  27. Kim N, Kwak G, Rodriguez J, Livraghi-Butrico A, Zuo X, Simon V, Han E, Shenoy SK, Pandey N, Mazur M, Birket SE, Kim A, Rowe SM, Boucher R, Hanes J, Suk JS. . Thorax. 2022 Aug;77(8):812-820. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-215185. PMID: 34697091. PMCID: PMC9129924.
  28. Ward JD, Cornaby C, Kato T, Gilmore RC, Bunch D, Miller MB, Boucher RC, Schmitz JL, Askin FA, Scanga LR. . Placenta. 2022 Jun 1;123:12-23. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.04.006. PMID: 35512490; PMCID: PMC9057562.
  29. Chen A, Wessler T, Daftari K, Hinton K, Boucher RC, Pickles R, Freeman R, Lai SK, Forest MG. . Biophys J. 2022 May 3;121(9):1619-1631. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.04.003. PMID: 35378080; PMCID: PMC8975607.
  30. Esther CR Jr, O’Neal WK, Anderson WH, Kesimer M, Ceppe A, Doerschuk CM, Alexis NE, Hastie AT, Barr RG, Bowler RP, Wells JM, Oelsner EC, Comellas AP, Tesfaigzi Y, Kim V, Paulin LM, Cooper CB, Han MK, Huang YJ, Labaki WW, Curtis JL, Boucher RC; SPIROMICS. . Chest. 2022 May;161(5):1239-1249. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.10.049. PMID: 34801592. PMCID: PMC9131049.
  31. Morrison CB, Edwards CE, Shaffer KM, Araba KC, Wykoff JA, Williams DR, Asakura T, Dang H, Morton LC, Gilmore RC, O’Neal WK, Boucher RC, Baric RS, Ehre C. . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Apr 19;119(16):e2119680119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2119680119. PMID: 35353667. PMCID: PMC9169748.
  32. Singanayagam A, Footitt J, Marczynski M, Radicioni G, Cross MT, Finney LJ, Trujillo-Torralbo MB, Calderazzo MA, Zhu J, Aniscenko J, Clarke TB, Molyneaux PL, Bartlett NW, Moffatt MF, Cookson WO, Wedzicha JA, Evans CM, Boucher RC, Kesimer M, Lieleg O, Mallia P, Johnston SL. . J Clin Invest. 2022 Apr 15;132(8):e120901. doi: 10.1172/JCI120901. PMID: 35239513. PMCID: PMC9012283.
  33. Kadur Lakshminarasimha Murthy P, Sontake V, Tata A, Kobayashi Y, Macadlo L, Okuda K, Conchola AS, Nakano S, Gregory S, Miller LA, Spence JR, Engelhardt JF, Boucher RC, Rock JR, Randell SH, Tata PR. . Nature. 2022 Apr;604(7904):111-119. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04541-3. PMID: 35355018. PMCID: PMC9169066.
  34. Kato T, Radicioni G, Papanikolas MJ, Stoychev GV, Markovetz MR, Aoki K, Porterfield M, Okuda K, Barbosa Cardenas SM, Gilmore RC, Morrison CB, Ehre C, Burns KA, White KK, Brennan TA, Goodell HP, Thacker H, Loznev HT, Forsberg LJ, Nagase T, Rubinstein M, Randell SH, Tiemeyer M, Hill DB, Kesimer M, O’Neal WK, Ballard ST, Freeman R, Button B, Boucher RC. . Sci Adv. 2022 Apr;8(13):eabm9718. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abm9718. PMID: 35363522.
  35. McElvaney OF, Asakura T, Meinig SL, Torres-Castillo JL, Hagan RS, Gabillard C, Murphy MP, Thorne LB, Borczuk A, Reeves EP, Zumwalt RE, Mikami Y, Carroll TP, Okuda K, Hogan G, McElvaney OJ, Clarke J, McEvoy NL, Mallon PW, McCarthy C, Curley G, Wolfgang MC, Boucher RC, McElvaney NG. . EBioMedicine. 2022 Mar;77:103894. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103894. PMID: 35217407; PMCID: PMC8861575.
  36. Shi Y, Zeida A, Edwards CE, Mallory ML, Sastre S, Machado MR, Pickles RJ, Fu L, Liu K, Yang J, Baric RS, Boucher RC, Radi R, Carroll KS. . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Feb 8;119(6):e2120419119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2120419119. PMID: 35074895. PMCID: PMC8833197.
  37. Ford AG, Cao XZ, Papanikolas MJ, Kato T, Boucher RC, Markovetz MR, Hill DB, Freeman R, Forest MG. . Stud Appl Math. 2021 Nov;147(4):1369-1387. doi: 10.1111/sapm.12433. PMID: 35221375; PMCID: PMC8871504.
  38. Radicioni G, Ceppe A, Ford AA, Alexis NE, Barr RG, Bleecker ER, Christenson SA, Cooper CB, Han MK, Hansel NN, Hastie AT, Hoffman EA, Kanner RE, Martinez FJ, Ozkan E, Paine R 3rd, Woodruff PG, O’Neal WK, Boucher RC, Kesimer M. . Lancet Respir Med. 2021 Nov;9(11):1241-1254. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00079-5. PMID: 34058148. PMCID: PMC8570975.
  39. Bennett WD, Burbank A, Almond M, Wu J, Ceppe A, Hernandez M, Boucher RC, Peden DB. . ERJ Open Res. 2021 Jun 7;7(2):00062-2021. doi: 10.1183/23120541.00062-2021. PMID: 34109248; PMCID: PMC8184161.
  40. Kato T, Mikami Y, Sun L, Rogers TD, Grubb BR, Morrison CB, Ehre C, Sears PR, Ostrowski LE, Randell SH, Boucher RC. . Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2021 Jun;64(6):760-764. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0033LE. PMID: 33788673. PMCID: PMC8456889.
  41. Okuda K, Dang H, Kobayashi Y, Carraro G, Nakano S, Chen G, Kato T, Asakura T, Gilmore RC, Morton LC, Lee RE, Mascenik T, Yin WN, Barbosa Cardenas SM, O鈥橬eal YK, Minnick CE, Chua M, Quinney NL, Gentzsch M, Anderson CW, Ghio A, Matsui H, Nagase T, Ostrowski LE, Grubb BR, Olsen JC, Randell SH, Stripp BR, Tata PR, O鈥橬eal WK, Boucher RC. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 May 15;203(10):1275-1289. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202008-3198OC. PMID: 33321047. PMCID: PMC8456462.
  42. Huang N, P茅rez P, Kato T, Mikami Y, Okuda K, Gilmore RC, Conde CD, Gasmi B, Stein S, Beach M, Pelayo E, Maldonado JO, Lafont BA, Jang SI, Nasir N, Padilla RJ, Murrah VA, Maile R, Lovell W, Wallet SM, Bowman NM, Meinig SL, Wolfgang MC, Choudhury SN, Novotny M, Aevermann BD, Scheuermann RH, Cannon G, Anderson CW, Lee RE, Marchesan JT, Bush M, Freire M, Kimple AJ, Herr DL, Rabin J, Grazioli A, Das S, French BN, Pranzatelli T, Chiorini JA, Kleiner DE, Pittaluga S, Hewitt SM, Burbelo PD, Chertow D; NIH COVID-19 Autopsy Consortium; HCA Oral and Craniofacial Biological Network, Frank K, Lee J,听Boucher RC, Teichmann SA, Warner BM, Byrd KM.听. Nat Med. 2021 May;27(5):892-903. doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01296-8. PMID: 33767405. PMCID: PMC8240394.
  43. Lazarowski ER, Boucher RC. . Biochem Pharmacol. 2021 May;187:114387. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114387. PMID: 33358825. PMCID: PMC8096650.
  44. Dunican EM, Elicker BM, Henry T, Gierada DS, Schiebler ML, Anderson W, Barjaktarevic I, Barr RG, Bleecker ER, Boucher RC, Bowler RP, Christenson SA, Comellas A, Cooper CB, Couper D, Criner GJ, Dransfield M, Doerschuk CM, Drummond MB, Hansel NN, Han MK, Hastie AT, Hoffman EA, Krishnan JA, Lazarus SC, Martinez FJ, McCulloch CE, O’Neal WK, Ortega VE, Paine R 3rd, Peters S, Schroeder JD, Woodruff PG, Fahy JV. . Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 Apr 15;203(8):957-968. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202006-2248OC. PMID: 33180550. PMCID: PMC8048745.
  45. Xu J, Livraghi-Butrico A, Hou X, Rajagopalan C, Zhang J, Song J, Jiang H, Wei HG, Wang H, Bouhamdan M, Ruan J, Yang D, Qiu Y, Youming X, Barrett RP, McClellan SA, Mou H, Wu Q, Chen X, Rogers TD, Wilkinson KJ, Gilmore RC, Esther CR Jr, Zaman K, Liang X, Sobolic M, Hazlett L, Zhang K, Frizzell RA, Gentzsch M, O’Neal WK, Grubb BR, Chen YE, Boucher RC, Sun F. . JCI Insight. 2021 Jan 11;6(1):e139813. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.139813. PMID: 33232302. PMCID: PMC7821608.
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Headshot of Richard Boucher