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When the clinician begins meeting with the client, and rapport is being established, it may become clear as to what is going to be the focus of the session or sessions. However, sometimes it may take some time to determine where things are headed. And it can be confusing for...

In our most recent blogs, we have been discussing how to engage with the client and guide them in a supportive and non-judgmental environment. And when we engage with the client in a genuine manner, this often leads to a smooth transition into the next process in MI: Focusing. Both...

When we think about Motivational Interviewing and addressing the common issue of ambivalence, and how best to support the client in creating the change they want in their lives, the first place we often start is by seeing if their current behaviors are aligned with their values and goals. As...

When we think about values and goals, particularly related to a therapeutic setting, we are often attempting to gain some insight or understanding into the client鈥檚 internal perspectives. These perspectives can often be the motivation for making decisions in their lives. And these decisions could be short term or long...

Summaries are similar to reflections, however, instead of focusing on one thing at a time the client has shared, the clinician pulls together several things, and reflects back to the client. This offering back to the client can be affirming because it demonstrates that the clinician has been listening to...

When we think about the way we want to be with a client, I think we would all agree that we would like to acknowledge and recognize their inherent worth and strengths. And each client we work with will have specific strengths that we will be able to genuinely acknowledge....

Reflections are probably the most fundamental skill to learn if you are using a client-centered counseling approach. However, there are many other MI skills that complement reflections and are used throughout the 4 processes of MI. And the one we are focusing on today is not only used throughout all...

Reflections can be extremely simple or very complex. At times, just repeating back to the client what they just shared can keep the conversation moving forward. The example below illustrates how the clinician repeats back to the client almost exactly what was said: Client: I鈥檓 feeling very anxious today. Clinician:...

Overshooting and undershooting are useful reflection techniques where statements can be offered back to the client for more personal exploration on a particular topic. As I mentioned above, these techniques can be particularly helpful when there is emotional content involved. There are so many ways we can describe emotion, and...

Forming a refection is attempting to understand what the client is communicating to us. We listen to what the client is expressing and we provide a response in the form of a statement, and not a question. The reason we do this is because asking questions of the client often...

Listening can appear to be a very passive experience, but if you really want to listen, and offer a reflection back to a client as you attempt to understand what they are attempting to communicate, it can take quite a while to become very skilled at having these reflections come...

Engaging is the first of the four processes in MI (engaging, focusing, evoking, and planning) and lays the groundwork for the first session and the sessions to follow. And as you likely know from experience, engagement can occur with some clients in a matter of minutes, and with other clients,...